docker 文件存放路径, 修改端口映射操作方式_docker

这篇文章主要介绍了docker 文件存放路径, 修改端口映射操作,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧

如何获取容器的启动命令

容器早已创建好,如何得知它的启动参数(数据挂载到哪)

#假设通过如下命令启动了一个容器
docker run -d --name mysql_cdh \\
-p 3306:3306 \\
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \\
-v mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql \\
--restart=always \\
mysql:5.5 --character-set-server=utf8
#如何通过容器名得知启动参数
[root@jenkins ~]# docker inspect mysql_cdh
[
 {
  \"Id\": \"3aad772538b5e86705d3358362517a08d53f951aa6522e2881321135f05c8872\",
  \"Created\": \"2019-09-25T01:43:37.720505875Z\",
  \"Path\": \"docker-entrypoint.sh\",
  \"Args\": [
   \"--character-set-server=utf8\"
  ],
  ...
  \"Name\": \"/mysql_cdh\",
  
	 	\"HostConfig\": {
	   \"Binds\": [
	    \"mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql\"
	   ],
	   ...
	   \"NetworkMode\": \"default\",
	   \"PortBindings\": {
	    \"3306/tcp\": [
	     {
	      \"HostIp\": \"\",
	      \"HostPort\": \"3306\"
	     }
	    ]
	   },
	   \"RestartPolicy\": {
	    \"Name\": \"always\",
	    \"MaximumRetryCount\": 0
	   },
	
 	\"Mounts\": [
	   {
	    \"Type\": \"volume\",
	    \"Name\": \"mysql-data\",
	    \"Source\": \"/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql-data/_data\",
	    \"Destination\": \"/var/lib/mysql\",
	    \"Driver\": \"local\",
	    \"Mode\": \"z\",
	    \"RW\": true,
	    \"Propagation\": \"\"
	   }
	  ],
	
		\"Config\": {
	   \"Hostname\": \"3aad772538b5\",
	    ...
	   \"ExposedPorts\": {
	    \"3306/tcp\": {}
	   },
				...
	   \"Env\": [
	    \"MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456\",
	    \"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/scripts\",
	    \"GOSU_VERSION=1.7\",
	    \"MYSQL_MAJOR=5.5\",
	    \"MYSQL_VERSION=5.5.62\"
	   ],
	   \"Cmd\": [
	    \"--character-set-server=utf8\"
	   ],

1, 容器层:文件存放路径

#1, 启动容器
[root@master ~]# docker run -d --name nginx2 nginx
a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8
#2, 获取容器id
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i id 
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i id 
  \"Id\": \"a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8\",
   \"Pid\": 2069,
  \"ExecIDs\": null,
   \"ContainerIDFile\": \"\",
			
#查看容器临时文件--每次创建时随机生成的文件(容器层)
# /var/lib/docker/containers/容器id
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i path
 \"Path\": \"nginx\",
 \"ResolvConfPath\": \"/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/resolv.conf\",
 \"HostnamePath\": \"/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/hostname\",
 \"HostsPath\": \"/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/hosts\",
 \"LogPath\": \"/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8-json.log\",

后天修改容器端口

a, 先提交旧容器为新的镜像,再启动新容器

需要确保:数据卷映射完全一致(新旧的容器,在数据卷上要一致)

[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker inspect mysql_port |egrep -i \'volum|Mount\' -A 2
   \"Volumes\": {
    \"/var/lib/mysql\": {}
   },
--
   \"Volumes\": {
    \"/var/lib/mysql\": {}
   },

保存容器为镜像,再启动新容器是,添加端口映射

############## 1, 启动一个容器 ############## 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker run --name t1 -d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v mysql-test-dir:/var/lib/mysql/ -p 3308:3306 mysql:5.5
53f2a3c53d4c6769897ee484c3d2ff4e3f82ea1e390d4950b2162c08af05d7cc
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE        COMMAND     CREATED    STATUS    PORTS            NAMES
53f2a3c53d4c  mysql:5.5       \"docker-entrypoint.s…\" 3 seconds ago  Up 3 seconds  0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp        t1
[root1@c7-docker ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P3308 --protocol tcp
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database   |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql    |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> use test;
Database changed
MySQL [test]> create table t1(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL [test]> insert into t1 values(1),(2),(3);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
MySQL [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
############## 2, 提交当前容器环境--保存为新的镜像 ############## 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker commit -m mysql_test_chag-port_img t1 mysql_port
sha256:9f90be3c200c6a8b535478375c4caf86d589d231afae1293d28026f9248f8ae3
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY     TAG     IMAGE ID   CREATED    SIZE
mysql_port     latest    9f90be3c200c  3 seconds ago  205MB
mysql      5.5     d404d78aa797  18 months ago  205MB
############## 3, 停止旧容器, 启动新容器 ############## 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker stop t1
t1
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker run --name t2 -d -v mysql-test-dir:/var/lib/mysql/ -p 3309:3306 mysql_port
fd7cefe55db8bb2687ab044ff1473f0c935ac5ce867df81b3b13f570e9026868
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE        COMMAND     CREATED    STATUS    PORTS            NAMES
fd7cefe55db8  mysql_port      \"docker-entrypoint.s…\" 3 seconds ago  Up 2 seconds  0.0.0.0:3309->3306/tcp        t2
[root1@c7-docker ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P3309 --protocol tcp
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
MySQL [(none)]> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MySQL [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

b, 修改容器配置文件置文件:hostconfig.json

要先停止docker服务,否则不生效

通过容器层文件,找到配置文件hostconfig.json,修改容器映射的端口

[root@docker a9c9f31cd...ff24c8]# pwd
/var/lib/docker/containers/d93185e3a0....2e544ccfa
[root@docker a9c9f31cd...ff24c8]# cat hostconfig.json 
{\"Binds\":[\"/dockersuperset:/home/superset\"],\"ContainerIDFile\":\"\",
\"LogConfig\":{\"Type\":\"json-file\",\"Config\":{}},\"NetworkMode\":\"default\",
\"PortBindings\":{\"8088/tcp\":[{\"HostIp\":\"\",\"HostPort\":\"8099\"}]}......

2, 镜像层:文件存放路径

[root@master ~]# docker image inspect nginx |tail -n 22
  \"GraphDriver\": {
   \"Data\": {
    \"LowerDir\": \"/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bf20cf788cc053f00ff1467525d50e19bd1cf07a2167f72511bdfcb28918a472/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/317d80bb7ae58ed288be9ebd84aeb5b4b3a1c06f3211f5d1f32d89b629d1876e/diff\",
    \"MergedDir\": \"/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/merged\",
    \"UpperDir\": \"/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/diff\",
    \"WorkDir\": \"/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/work\"
   },
   \"Name\": \"overlay2\"
  },

a, 容器层,镜像层:关联

I, 子容器:拷贝镜像的文件

图片[1]-docker 文件存放路径, 修改端口映射操作方式_docker-安全小天地

II, 子容器:添加新文件

图片[2]-docker 文件存放路径, 修改端口映射操作方式_docker-安全小天地

III, 子容器:修改由镜像拷贝的文件

图片[3]-docker 文件存放路径, 修改端口映射操作方式_docker-安全小天地

b, 在镜像层(文件存储目录), 修改配置文件

# 进入镜容器文件存储目录, 修改配置文件
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls diff/run/
nginx.pid
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls diff/var/cache/nginx/
client_temp fastcgi_temp proxy_temp scgi_temp uwsgi_temp
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls merged/
bin/  dev/  etc/  lib/  media/  opt/  root/  sbin/  sys/  usr/  
boot/  .dockerenv home/  lib64/  mnt/  proc/  run/  srv/  tmp/  var/  
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls merged/etc/nginx/
conf.d fastcgi_params koi-utf koi-win mime.types modules nginx.conf scgi_params uwsgi_params win-utf
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# head merged/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
#在此处修改配置文件,把user nginx; worker_process 1; 这两行的分号去掉,看容器里面的配置是否更改
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# head merged/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -n 3
user nginx
worker_processes 1
#登陆容器,查看修改的配置: 验证是否生效
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# docker exec -it nginx2 bash
root@a9c9f31cdccf:/# head /etc/nginx/nginx.conf -n 3
user nginx
worker_processes 1

3, 修改默认存储路径

a, 重建/var/lib/docker目录

#备份数据到新的存放路径
service docker stop
mkdir /docker.bak
mv /var/lib/docker/* /docker.bak
#创建软连接
mkdir /home/docker-data
mv /docker.bak/* /home/docker-data/ && rmdir /docker.bak
ln -s /home/docker-data /var/lib/docker

b, 修改配置

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph /new-path/docker 
#reload配置文件 
systemctl daemon-reload 
#重启docker 
systemctl restart docker.service

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持安全小天地。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。

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